Pneumatic hammer



Dec. 13, 1927. J. L.PRICE PNEUMATIC HAMMER Filed May 17. 1922 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Q i H Q g V j "fi| g Dec. 13, 1927.

J. ,L.PR|CE PNEUMATIC HAMMER Filed May 17, 1922 z'she'ets-sheet .2

wll lFlLltlli ll4.lllllfflfllll Patented Dec. 13, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB L. PRICE, OF DOBBS FERRY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO CHICAGO PNEUMATICTOOL COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

PNEUMATIC HAMMER.

Application filed May 17,

My invention has relation to pneumatic hammers, .more particularly thattype of hammers known as riveting hammers. Such hammers are used in thedriving of red hot after given.

. In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a view partly in elevation and partly insection of a riveting hammer embodying my invention; Fig.

2 a section of a hammer cylinder with a modified form of structureapplied theretoj Fig. 3a section of'the front end of the cylindershowing in section a modified form of construction as respects the frontend-of my device or shell; Figs. 4 and 5, still other modifications ofthe front end structure of my device or shell. Figs. 6,7 and 8 sectionson the corresponding section lines indicated on Figs. 1, 2 and 3,illustrating different formations of the shell body; Figs. 9 and 10detail'views of modified forms of construc tilon; and Fig. 11 aplan-view of the regular c 1p.

It will be understood from the above description of the drawings andfrom the here inafter specification, that my invention may partake ofdifferent forms, both as to the shell body and as to the front endformation thereof. As to such latter feature, I 'prefer to make thedevice as a combined cooling device and rivet set clip, such clip beingused to deta'chably hold the usual rivet set. How ever, my invention inits broader aspectis not limitedto such combined or integral structureinasmuch as'the shell proper is the eneric idea in connection with whichan lntegral rivet set clip may be used at the front end or provisionmadefor the attachment of'a separate rivet set clip or even the usualand well-known clip which is detachably fastened and applied to thehammer cylinder itself,. The preferred form of the device which is shownin Fig. 1 performs 1922. Serial No. 561,608.

the three functions'of an exhaust deflector,

cooling device for the cylinder and rivet set,

and of. a rivet set clip.

In Fig. 1 there is shown the usual hammer cylinder 1 and the usual rivetset 2 inserted in thefront end of the cylinder. The cooling meanscomprises a shell having a body portion 3 applied to and surrounding theouter walls or surface of the cylinder but spaced therefrom in suitablemanner so as to provide for a space 4 between it and the cylinder. Thisshell is made of thin suitable material such as sheet metal andpreferably slit longitudinally as shown at 5 in Fig. 6.. This shell hasat its forward end an inturned flange 6 which engages with acircumferential groove 7 in the cylinder, ust in rear of the' exhaustports 8 of the hammer. By preference and as shown in Fig. 6, the shellis corrugated, thereby providing inwardly directed longitudinal ribs 9.which constitute spacing means for the shell and permit of thelongitudinal air passages 4. The flutes or corrugations may run to anydesired extent along the length of the shell but by preference (asshown) the ends-of the shell, including the clip portion at the frontend are left plain.

In the preferred form now being described, the shell is formed at itsfront end into arivet set clip integral therewith. Consequently, thefront end of the shell 3 is provided with an inwardly tapering portionor. walls 10 near whose outer end there is provided a circumferentialhead 11, engaging the usual wide groove 12 of the rivet set.

My device is readily applied to standard hammer cylinders the same beingalready provided with a groove 7 which holds the usual exhaustdeflector. In use, the exhaust air from the hammer passing through theexhaust ports 8 is conducted forwardly through the passages 4 anddischarged against the rivet set, finally escaping through the forwardend and sides of the clip portion of the shell. As a result, the exhaustair is properly deflected, the walls of the hammer cylinder and the bodyor die end of the rivet set are cooled by the expansion and discharge ofthis exhaust air. Moreover, the corrugated character of the shell bodyaffords a good grip for one hand of the operator in the manipulation ofthe hammer.

' Referring to the'modification illustrated in Figs. 2 and 7, the shellbody 13 is made separate from its end portions, the rear portion 14:being in the form of a' sleeve or ring with an inturned flange 15 andbeing secured to the shell by suitable means as by the rivets lti. 'Thefront or clip portion 17 is in the form of a rivet set clip and issecured to the shell body 13 in suitable manner as by means of rivets18. As shown in Fig. 7, the shell is longitudinally slit at 19 and hasinwardly directed ribs 20 forming spacers to thereby provide passages 21between the shell and cylinder.

Referring to Figs. 3, 4i and 5, I have shown modified constructions ofthe forward end of the shell, whereby the rivet set clip may be madeentirely separate and detachable therefrom. Referring to Fig. 3, theshell body 22 is provided near its forward end with an inwardly directedbead 23 adapted to receive the inturned flange 24 of a separate clip 25.I11 this form.'the extreme forward end of the shell in advance of thebead 23 is tapered inwardly as shown at 26 to form a support for theinner portion of the clip. This figure of the drawing also serves toillustrate the use of a plain cylindrical form of shell as shown in Fig.8; Vhen this plain shell is used, the spacing thereof to receive theinwardly directed flange 34:.

of the separate and detachable clip 35.

It will be understood that the usual circumferential groove 36 onstandard riveting hammers may be left thereon or not, as may be founddesirable, thereby permitting of the use of my device or the use of theusual rivet set clip which engages such groove 36 in the well-knownmanner.

According to the structures. above described pract-ically all of theexhaust air. from the hammer is conducted to the front end thereof, thatis. all of such exhaust air except that small quantity which may escapethrough the longitudinal slit in the shell.

2 However, the'amount of the exhaust air so utilized for the coolingeffect may be reduced as desired. For this purpose, I have shown, inFig. 9, an outlet hole 37 (one or more may be provided) in the shelladjacent the exhaust ports of the hammer. In Fig. 10, I

. have shown a series of such outlet holes 38,

39 which may be entirely closed or opened to any: desired degree. Inthis construction,

the shell and-the end ring 40 have a, relative movement rotarily byreason of the pin 11) and slot (42) connection between them so as tocontrol thcseholes 38 and 39, one set of which are in the shell and theother in the ring 10.

I claim 1. In combination with a pneumatic hammer cylinder having airexhaust ports located near its rearward end, a shell surroundingthecylinder and conducting exhaust air from said ports along theoutersurface of the cylinder to the front end thereof, said shell being ofspring material and slit longitudinally and means utilizing theresiliency of said shell for removably retaining the latter on saidcylinder.

2. In a pneumatic hammer, in combination, a handle, a cylinder securedto said handle and having exhaust ports located near its rearward orhandle end, a shell of spring material and slit longitudinallysurrounding said cylinder, for conducting exhaust air from said portsalong the outer surface of the cylinder to the front thereof,cooperating means on said cylinder and on one end of said shellutilizing the resiliency of said shell to retain the latter on saidcylinder,

and means spacing said shell from said cylinder.

3. In a pneumatic hammer, in combina-' tion, a handle, a cylindersecured to said handle and havin exhaust ports located near its rearwardor liandle end, a shell of spring material and slit longitudinallysurrounding said cylinder for conducting exhaust air from said port-salong the outer surface of the cylinder to the front thereof, andcooperating means on said cylinder and on one end of said shellutilizing the resiliency of said shell to retain the latter on saidcylinder, said shell having an outlet hole for exhausting directly toatmosphere a portion of the exhaust air from the hammer.

4. In combination with a pneumatic hammer cylinder having air exhaustports located near its rearward end, a shell surrounding the cylinderand conducting exhaust air from said ports along the outer surface ofthe cylinder to the front end thereof, and means for predetermining theamount of such exhaust air conducted by the shell to the front end ofthe cylinder.

5. In combination with a pneumatic 11amnier cylinder having air exhaustports located near its rearward end, a shell surrounding the cylinderand conducting exhaust air from said ports along the outer surface ofthe cylinder to the front end thereof, and means for exhausting directlyto atmosphere a portion of the exhaust air from the hammer, therebyreducing the amount of the exhaust air so conducted by the shell to thefront end of the cylinder. I,

6. In combination with a'pneumatic hammer cylinder having airexhaustports lo- Inn cated near its rearward end, a shell sur-' rounding the'cylinder and conducting exhaust air from said .ports along the outersurface of the cylinder to the front end thereof, sai d shell beingprovided at its rearward end at a point adjacent said exhaust ports ofthe cylinder with an outlet 'hole for exhausting directly to atmospherea portion of the exhaust. air from the hammer, and means for regulatingthe amount of exhaust through said hole.

7. In combination with a pneumatic hammer cylinder having air exhaustports located near. its rearward endya shell surrounding the cylinderand conducting exhaust air from said ports along the outer surface ofthe cylinder to the front end thereof,said shell having at its rearwardend a'rotatably adjustable ring, suchshell and ring having outlet holesadapted to register and to be controlled by adjustment of the ring, soas to regulate the amount of exhaust of air directly to the atmosphere.

8. In combination with a pneumatic hammer cylinder having air exhaustports located,near its rearward end, a shell surrounding the cylinderand conducting exhaust air from said ports along the outer surface ofthe cylinder to .the front end thereof, said shell being longitudinallycorrugated to provide ribs spacing the shell from the cylinder,

whereby the ribs engaging said cylinder prevent relative movement of thelatter within the shell and provide longitudinal passages for theexhaust air.

9. In combination with a pneumatic hammer cylinder having air exhaustports located near its rearward end, a s rounding the cylinder andconducting exhaust air from said ports along the outer surface of thecylinder to the front, end thereof, said shell being of thin sheet metallongitudinally slit and longitudinally corrugated .to provide ribsspacing the shell from the cylinder.. r 10. Ina pneumatichammer 1ncomblnation, .a handle, a cylinder secured to said I handle and havingair exhaust ports located near its rearward or handle end, a shell ofthin sheet material longitudinally slit SUP- rounding the cylinder andconducting exhaust air from said ports along the outer surface-of thecylinder to the front end.

thereof, said cylinder having a circumferential groove and said shellhaving at its rearward end a flange engaging said groove whereby saidshell is maintained in assembled relation with said cylinder.

11. In a pneumatic hammer in combina tion, a handle, a cylinder secured-to said handle and having air exhaust ports located near its rearwardor handle end, a shell secured to and surrounding thecylinder andconducting exhaust air from said ports along the ut s rfa e of thecylinder to the fr nt ell sur-- end thereof, said shell having at itsforward end means for detachably holding the working-tool of the hammer.

12. In combination with a pneumatic hammer cylinder having air exhaustports located near its rearward end, a shellsurrounding the cylinder andconducting exhaust air jfrom said ports along the outer surface of thecylinder to the front end thereof, the'forward end of the shell beingformed as an integral clip for detachably holding the working tool'ofthe hammer.

13., In combination with, a pneumatic ham-' mer cylinder having airexhaust ports located near its rearward end, a shell surrounding thecylinder and conducting exhaust air from said ports along the outer,surface of the cylinder to the front end thereof, the front end of suchshell being formed to detachably hold the workingtoolof the hammer and 5to discharge the exhaust air upon such tool.

14. In combination with a pneumatic ham-.

mer cylinder having air exhaust ports located 'near its rearward end, ashell surrounding the cylinder and conducting exhaust air from saidports along the outer surface of the cylinder to the front end thereof,said shell being longitudinally split and having its front end extendedbeyond the front end of the cylinder and formed to detachably hold theworking toplgbf the hammer.

15'. A shell adapted to be mounted upon and to surround the cylinder ofa pneumatic hammer having exhaust ports so as to conduct exhaust airfrom said ports alongsaid cylinder and to provide a cool grip for theoperator, said shell comprising a sleeve of sheet materiallongitudinally split having means utilizing its own resiliency toremovably retain it on the hammer cylinder and additiona1 means formaintaining it in spaced relaof thin spring materialiiaving one endinturned to form a flange arranged to engage said cylinder groove. l

17. A shell adapted to be mounted upon and to surround the cylinder of apneumatic hammer having exhaust ports and a transverse groove rearwardlyof said ports so as to conduct exhaust air from said ports along 1 saidcylinder and to provide a cool grip for the operator, said shellcomprising an elon-.

gate sleeve of thin spring material having one end inturned to form aflange arranged to engage said cylinder groove, and having portionsthereof indented to provide means for spacing the shell from saidcylinder.

18. A shell adaptedtg be mounted upon lar groove rearwardly of saidports so as to.

conduct exhaust air from said ports along said cylinder and to provide acool grip for the operator, said shell comprising an elongate sleeve ofthin spring material having one end inturned to form a flange arrangedto engage said cylinder groove, and being longitudinally corrugated toprovide ribs spacing the shell from said cylinder.

19. A shell adapted to be mounted upon and to surround the cylinder of apneumatic hammer having exhaust ports, agroove and a projecting Workingtool, so as to conduct exhaust air from saidflports along said cylinderand to provide a cool grip for the 0perator, said shell comprising anelongate sleeve of thin spring material having one end inv front endthereof, said shell comprising an elongate sleeve of thin springmaterial having an outlet port disposed adjacent the cylinder exhaustports for exhausting directly to atmosphere :1 portion of the exhaust ofthe a hammer.

21. A shell adapted to surround the cylinder of a pneumatic hammerhaving exhaust ports and to be secured thereto rearwardly of saidexhaust ports so 'as to conduct exhaust air along the exterior of thecylinder to the front end thereof, said shell comprising an elongatesleeve of thin spring material having an outlet port disposed adjacentthe cylinder exhaust ports for exhaustingdirectly to atmosphere aportion of the exhaust of the hammer, and having means for regulatingthe amount of exhaust through said hole.

22. A shell adapted to surround the cylinder of a pneumatic hammerhaving exhaust ports and a projecting working tool, and to be securedthereto rearwardly of said exhaust ports 50 as to conduct exhaust airalong the exterior of the cylinder to the front end thereof, said shellcomprising an elongate sleeve of thin spring material having at itsrearward end a rotatably adjustable ring, the shell and ring havingports adapted to register and to be controlled by adjustment of saidring so as to regulate the amount of exhaust air passed directly toatmosphere, said shell having at its forward end means for detachablyholding the working tool of the hammer.

JACOB L. PRICE.

